Leadership styles and their impact on employee job performance
Organizational psychology primarily applies psychological principles and theories to the workplace while also comprehending human relationships, culminating in the concept of leadership behaviour.
Leadership as a concept is circumstantial, elusive and far too complex to be universally endorsed. Yet generally, leadership is viewed as a relational process of persuading and encouraging individuals or groups to work towards the achievement of a specific goal or goals, through the use of power over interpersonal, material rewards, and punishments. It involves both the leader and the followers, and is affected by the abilities and features of the group, as well as the circumstances in which the leader is leading. Strong leadership can assist in achieving organizational goals, promoting adaptability to change, and positively impacting performance, motivation, attitude, and self-image.
Therefore, it’s rather self-evident that a link can be established between leadership and its impacts on employees, particularly in terms of job performance.
Since employee job performance is the measurement of an employee's ability to fulfil their goals and objectives, as well as their effect on the success and performance of the business, it is highly correlated to leadership styles. Moreover, due to the varying effects of various leadership styles, productivity, quality of output, and customer experiences can differ amongst employees, thereby resulting in a myriad of psychological ramifications.
- Transformational leadership is a leadership style that focuses on inspiring and motivating employees to achieve their full potential and work towards a common goal. It can have a positive impact on employee job performance by increasing motivation, engagement, and commitment to the organization. However, it can also have a negative impact if the leader's communication and behaviour is not aligned with the organization's values and culture, leading to disengagement and low morale among employees.
- Autocratic leadership is a style of management where the leader makes all the decisions and expects their subordinates to follow them without question. The positive impact of this style of leadership is that it can lead to a clear chain of command and quick decision-making. However, the negative impact is that it can lead to a lack of employee engagement, motivation, and creativity as well as poor communication and low morale. Additionally, employees may feel demotivated and demotivated, leading to a decrease in job performance. Overall, autocratic leadership can have both positive and negative effects on employee job performance, depending on the specific circumstances and the employees themselves.
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